Faculty of Hotel Management and Tourism, Vrnjačka Banja

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We are located in Vrnjačka Banja, a well know Serbian tourist destination with a tradition of over 175 years. Our curriculums offer you theoretical and practical training with access to numerous hotels, restaurants, travel agencies and catering companies.

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Computer model and clinical relevance of abdominal aorta aneurysm with compliant nonlinear material wall
(2010) Isailovic, Velibor; Koncar, Igor; Veljkovic D.; Milašinović, Danko; Nikolic, Dalibor; Markovic M.; Davidovic L.; Kojić M.; Filipovic, Nenad
In the abdominal segment of the human aorta under a patient's average resting conditions, pulsatile blood flow exhibits complex laminar patterns with secondary flows induced by adjacent branches and irregular vessel geometries. The hyperelastic material model of aorta wall should be taken into account. Prediction of influence of dynamic blood flow on natural history of aneurysmatic disease and outcome of therapeutic procedures could contribute to treatment strategy and results. In this study we examined fluid-structure interaction of pulsatile blood flow in the specific patient threedimensional model of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). Numerical predictions of blood flow patterns and nonlinear wall stresses in AAAs are performed in compliant wall isotropic model using the finite element method. © 2010 IEEE.
Detection of bone erosions in knee osteoarthrosis by serum biomarkers
(2010) Živanović, Sandra; Petrović-Rackov, Ljiljana; Jevtic, Milorad
Introduction: Osteoarthrosis (OA) is a degenerative chronic disease characterized by destruction of joint articular cartilage and subchondral bone with formation of osteophytes and usuries on joint surface. Quantitative and dynamic changes in remodeling of joint tissue reflect matrix molecules that dismiss as fragments in joint liquid, blood and urine where they can be detected. Human cartilage glycoprotein (YKL-40) is synthesised by chondrocytes and synovial cells and plays a significant role in remodel tissue. Objective: The aim of the paper was the parallel analysis and determination of the degree of correlation between ultrasound indicators destruction of joints, bone erosion (usuries), and serum YKL-40 concentrations in patients with primary osteoarthrosis of the knee. Methods: The analysis included 88 patients with the diagnosis of knee OA. Ultrasound review of knees was done by two rheumatologists. The analysis of serum samples determined the concentration of YKL40 by ELISA method. Results: The average age of patients was 69.97±9.37 years, duration of knee OA 6.46±6.73 years. The mean value of age in 59 patients with usuries was 72.05±7.74, at 29 without usuries 65.75±11.00 (p=0.003). The average value (median) thickness cartilage in medial condyl femur (front access) in patients with usuries was 1.25 mm (1.12-1.36 mm), without usuries 1.35 mm (1.20-1.51 mm) (p=0.016). The central YKL40 value of biomarkers in the patients without usuries was 81 ng/ml (46.5-120.5 ng/ml), with usuries the medial condyil 138 ng/ml (89.5-175.0 ng/ml), the lateral 106 ng/ml (63.0-201.5 ng/ml) and both condyl 86 ng/ml (69.75-140.5 ng/ml) (p=0.004). The central value YKL40 after 5 year-duration of disease was 83.68±33.65 ng/ml, after 10 years 138.22±48.88 ng/ml, after 15 years 209.30±79.36 ng/ml, and after 20 years 218.50±106.51 ng/ml (p=0.000). The biomarker YKL 40 may be a marker for usuries (area 0.691, p=0.004; confidence interval 0.574-0.808). If you took the optimal cut-off of 84.5 ng/ml, then YKL40 sensitivity to the usuries was 69.5%, and specificity 51.7%. Conclusion: Increased concentrations of biomarkers YKL40 may be an indicator of the degree of destructive changes in the knee osteoarthrosis.
Impact of aortic repair based on flow field computer simulation within the thoracic aorta
(2011) Filipovic, Nenad; Milašinović, Danko; Zdravković N.; Böckler D.; von Tengg-Kobligk, Hendrik
Purpose of this computational study is to examine the hemodynamic parameters of velocity fields and shear stress in the thoracic aorta with and without aneurysm, based on an individual patient case and virtual surgical intervention. These two cases, case I (with aneurysm) and II (without aneurysm), are analyzed by computational fluid dynamics. The 3D Navier-Stokes equations and the continuity equation are solved with an unsteady stabilized finite element method. The vascular geometries are reconstructed based on computed tomography angiography images to generate a patient-specific 3D finite element mesh. The input data for the flow waveforms are derived from MR phase contrast flow measurements of a patient before surgical intervention.The computed results show velocity profiles skewed towards the inner aortic wall for both cases in the ascending aorta and in the aortic arch, while in the descending aorta these velocity profiles are skewed towards the outer aortic wall. Computed streamlines indicate that flow separation occurs at the proximal edge of the aneurysm, i.e. computed flow enters the aneurysm in the distal region, and that there is essentially a single, slowly rotating, vortex within the aneurysm during most of the systole.In summary, after virtual surgical intervention in case II higher shear stress distribution along the descending aorta could be found, which may produce more healthy reactions in the endothelium and benefit of vascular reconstruction of an aortic aneurysm at this particular location. © 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
Afferent loop syndrome CFD simulation after Billroth II gastric resection
(2011) Milašinović, Danko; Cvetkovic, Aleksandar; Ninkovic, Srdjan; Filipovic, Nenad; Kojić M.
In this paper a CFD study of afferent loop syndrome after Billroth II gastric resection is presented. Three-dimensional CFD simulation is used in this study in order to investigate conditions at the duodenal stump after Billroth II gastric resection which may cause duodenal stump blowout. We performed virtual gastric resection using the preoperative Finite Element (FE) model based on MSCT Dicom. Three models after Billroth II gastric resection were created. CFD calculation was performed employing these models with data from literature. We calculated pressure and velocity distribution, as well as saliva and pancreatic juice and bile concentrations. After CFD simulation we had better insight into the processes within the duodenal stump after surgical intervention. This study can be useful for predictions of surgical complications. © 2011 IEEE.
Numerical simulation of the flow field and mass transport pattern within the coronary artery
(2011) Filipovic, Nenad; Milašinović, Danko; Jagić N.; Miloradović V.; Hetterich H.; Rieber J.
In this study, the steady and pulsatile flow field with mass transport analysis in an anatomically correct model of coronary artery is simulated numerically using a specific patient data from a 64-multislice computed tomography scanner. It is assumed that the blood flow is laminar and that the Navier-Stokes equations of motion are applied. Downstream of the bifurcation, a strong skewing occurs towards the flow divider walls as a result of branching. For the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) transport analysis where a specific boundary condition at the arterial walls is applied, LDL is generally elevated at locations where shear stress distribution is low, but it does not co-locate at whole domain. This numerical simulation gives an insight, as well as detailed quantitative data, of haemodynamic conditions in the left coronary artery as well as mass transfer patterns for a specific patient. © 2011 Taylor & Francis.
The Role and Importance of Quality Financial Reporting
(Association of Serbian Banks, Belgrade, 2013) Leković, Miljan; Arsenović, Slavica
he primary task of financial reporting is the creation of a high quality financial reports that are enhancing investor confidence, that of the creditors and other stakeholders, thus creating a favourable climate for investment activities and economic activities in general. Providing high quality financial statements in addition to respecting the professional and legal frameworks, involves the observance of ethical norms, i.e. an ethical conduct by those composing financial reports. Especially important is also harmonisation of the accounting and auditing practices which facilitates accounting -financial communication between economic stakeholders throughout the world, bridging in this manner accounting obstacles on the road to reaching a higher degree of freedom in the circulation of goods, services and capital.
Late-onset systemic lupus erythematosus: Clinical features, course, and prognosis
(2013) Tomic Lucic, Aleksandra; Petrovic R.; Radak-Perović M.; Milovanovic, Dragan; Milovanovic, Jasmina; Živanović, Sandra; Pantovic M.; Veselinović M.
There are contradictory opinions if late-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is associated with a different, more benign disease course and better prognosis than early-onset SLE. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical manifestations, course, treatment, and prognosis of late-onset SLE. Patients who developed SLE after/or at the age of 50 years were considered late-onset SLE and compared to a group of randomly selected patients aged younger than 50 years at the diagnosis, matched for disease duration. Lower frequency of cutaneous manifestations (p = 0.01) and higher frequency of cytopenias (p = 0.02) were registrated at the SLE onset in the late-onset group. Atypical clinical presentation of SLE contributed to a longer delay of diagnosis in late-onset SLE patients (p = 0.005), who fullfiled less American College of Rheumatology criteria at the diagnosis (p = 0.022). Cumulative incidence of clinical manifestations showed lower frequency of cutaneous (p = 0.017), neuropsychiatric manifestations (p = 0.021), lupus nephritis (p = 0.006), and higher frequency of Sjogren′s syndrome (p = 0.025) in the late-onset group. Late-onset SLE patients received lower doses of corticosteroid (p = 0.006) and cyclophosphamide (p = 0.001) and had more cyclophosphamide- induced complications (p = 0.005). Higher prevalence of comorbid conditions in the late-onset group (p = 0.025), and higher Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology damage index was noticed (p = 0.018). Despite the less major organ involvement and more benign course of disease, late-onset SLE has poorer prognosis, because of the higher frequency of comorbid conditions and higher organ damage, due to the aging and longer exposition to a classical vascular risk factors. © 2013 Clinical Rheumatology.
Investment Funds in the Function of Stimulating Economic Growth and Development
(2013) Leković, Miljan; Pantić, Nemanja; Stojković, Dragan
Investment funds are one of the generators of economic growth and economic development. They are present in all developed countries of the world, contributing to the establishment of liquidity and macroeconomic stability. For investment funds is often said to have renovated the total financial system of the world. Their function is to encourage savings, the concentration and efficient allocation of capital that is very important for all countries, especially those that are scanty in capital. The future of investment funds industry in Serbia is determined by the further development of capital markets, improvement of legislation, the achievement of macroeconomic and political stability, educating and informing the investing public.
Consequences of global financial crisis for tourism industry in Montenegro and Serbia: A comparative analysis
(National Academy of Management Vul, 2013) Obradović, Saša; Leković, Miljan; Pantić, Nemanja
This paper analyzes the impact of global financial crisis on tourism in two neighbouring countries - Montenegro and Serbia. The situation in the insufficiently developed Serbian tourism industry has been additionally worsened due to the crisis, while the precrisis dynamic growth of Montenegrin tourism has been significantly slowed down by the crisis. Both countries have suffered a decline of the foreign exchange earnings from tourism in the time of crisis, but Montenegrin tourism industry has proven to be much more resilient to the crisis shocks.
Integrated Мarketing Communications as a Function of Brand Development
(Construction of unique buildings and structures, 2014) Melović, Boban; Mitrović, S; Djokaj, A; Nesic, A; Leković, Miljan
Modern brand management represents the integrated management of all contacts of the brand with the consumer. Brand is also an instrument and a subject of market communications. In this respect, it is necessary to harmonize the different forms of communication with the company’s defined brand strategy. Authors put forward the hypothesis that the appropriate choice of the communication resources and the message sent to consumer are in direct positive correlation with effects that can be produced to existing and potential customers in order to stimulate the purchase. The ultimate goal is to devise a communication method (message) which would be adequately understood and received in the appropriate environment and that would produce the desired effects for the advertisers.
Ethnobotanical knowledge and traditional use of plants in Serbia in relation to sustainable rural development
(2014) Dajic Stevanovic, Zora; Petrovic, Milica; Aćić, Svetlana
© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York. All rights reserved. In Serbian folk tradition, hundreds of plants were used for ages as food, beverages, medicine, natural dyes, natural additives, and food preservatives, for textile and fibers, shelter and fuel, as well as for traditional customs, religious purposes, and magic. Despite being often treated as a problem for the national economy, rural areas in Serbia actually represent a huge potential, namely in richness of natural resources, i.e., (agro)biodiversity, as well as cultural and traditional heritage and related ethnobotanical knowledge. The history of health culture of the Balkan nations is very complex and interesting. The extremely long tradition of curative and prophylactic use of medicinal herbs is mentioned in the folk medical texts of both known and unknown authors. The Old Serbs had a very developed cult dedicated to certain trees and plants, where many of customs remain in place even today. Here, we discuss the most interesting, old, and autochthonous varieties of cereals, vegetables, and fruits that are still used in traditional Serbian cuisine today. This is followed with a brief review of the most commonly used medicinal herbs in Serbian folk medicine, as well as an outline of several of the best-described magical plants, including oak, basil, nettle, wormwood, linden, hawthorn, hazel tree, and laserwort.
The antecedents of satisfaction and revisit intentions for full-service restaurants
(2014) Marinković, Veljko; Senic V.; Ivkov D.; Dimitrovski, Darko; Bjelić, Mišo
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to identify the antecedents of satisfaction and revisit intentions for full-service restaurants. The economic crisis is known to have had a deep impact on consumer behavior with regards to restaurants and this study is primarily focussed on exploring the effects on the traditional antecedents of satisfaction and revisit intentions as full-time restaurants attempt to reposition their offer. Design/methodology/approach: The study involved 218 respondents who were guests of full-service restaurants. In terms of statistical analyses, confirmative factor analysis was used to test the suitability of the proposed model for measuring satisfaction and revisit intentions, while structural equation modeling was employed to analyze the relationship among variables of the conceptualized model. Findings: The results confirmed the significant impact of atmosphere and quality of interaction on guest satisfaction. It was interesting to notice that perceived price has no statistically significant impact on guest satisfaction. In addition, satisfaction, along with atmosphere and perceived price emerged as a significant trigger of revisit intentions. While measuring impact of atmosphere and perceived price on revisit intentions, both direct and indirect effects were measured. Originality/value: This study emphasizes in particular, the significance of revisit intention as an important behavioral reaction and reveals its antecedents. In a limited number of studies, models for understanding triggers of revisit intention were developed as separate variables, rather than as components of behavioral reactions. In that context, the tested model identifies causal relationships between latent variables. Restaurants involved in the survey are full-service restaurants dealing with the changing behavior of guests who are heavily impacted by the economic crisis. Guests show a tendency to reduce their visits to restaurants in these circumstances, forcing restaurants to reformulate their service offering in order to align with changing customers' needs. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
Numerical and experimental analysis of factors leading to suture dehiscence after Billroth II gastric resection
(2014) Cvetkovic, Aleksandar; Milašinović, Danko; Peulic A.; Mijailovic, Natasa; Filipovic, Nenad; Zdravković N.
© 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. The main goal of this study was to numerically quantify risk of duodenal stump blowout after Billroth II (BII) gastric resection. Our hypothesis was that the geometry of the reconstructed tract after BII resection is one of the key factors that can lead to duodenal dehiscence. We used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) with finite element (FE) simulations of various models of BII reconstructed gastrointestinal (GI) tract, as well as non-perfused, ex vivo, porcine experimental models. As main geometrical parameters for FE postoperative models we have used duodenal stump length and inclination between gastric remnant and duodenal stump. Virtual gastric resection was performed on each of 3D FE models based on multislice Computer Tomography (CT) DICOM. According to our computer simulation the difference between maximal duodenal stump pressures for models with most and least preferable geometry of reconstructed GI tract is about 30%. We compared the resulting postoperative duodenal pressure from computer simulations with duodenal stump dehiscence pressure from the experiment. Pressure at duodenal stump after BII resection obtained by computer simulation is 4-5 times lower than the dehiscence pressure according to our experiment on isolated bowel segment. Our conclusion is that if the surgery is performed technically correct, geometry variations of the reconstructed GI tract by themselves are not sufficient to cause duodenal stump blowout. Pressure that develops in the duodenal stump after BII resection using omega loop, only in the conjunction with other risk factors can cause duodenal dehiscence. Increased duodenal pressure after BII resection is risk factor. Hence we recommend the routine use of Roux en Y anastomosis as a safer solution in terms of resulting intraluminal pressure. However, if the surgeon decides to perform BII reconstruction, results obtained with this methodology can be valuable.
Državna finansijska podrška i kapitalne investicije kao faktori razvoja srpskog turizma
(Faculty of Hotel Management and Tourism in Vrnjačka Banja, 2014) Leković, Miljan; Pantić, Nemanja
The Republic of Serbia is still unrecognizable destination on the world tourist map and Serbian tourism sector has comparable yet not competitive advantages. An unenviable position of Serbian tourism indicates the necessity of urgent public financial support for this sector in the form of subsidies, guarantees issued, tax incentives, soft loans and similar means of financial help. For overcoming recession, capital investments are as necessary as state financial support and they are an instrument of healthy long-term development; thus they should be a priority.
The implementation of the neural networks to the problem of economic classification of countries
(Ekonomski fakultet, Kragujevac, Fakultet za hotelijerstvo i turizam u Vrnjackoj Banji, 2014) Obradović, Saša; Leković, Miljan; Marinković, Miloš
This paper shows practical implementation of the multilayer feedforward neural network, trained by supervised backpropagation algorithm, to the problem of automatic classification of countries into beforehand predefined categories of economic development, contained in the United Nations report entitled World Economic Situation and Prospects 2012. The goal of the paper is to automate the process of classification of countries, to define a set of key measurable economic development indicators, as well as to emphasize significance of neural networks for solving classification problems. The research includes classification of 168 countries in 4 groups of economic development, based on 7 selected measurable indicators. The data from the official reports of the international economic institutions served for training of the intelligent decision-making system based on neural network, and as a measure of quality of training, confusion matrix was used, showing the precision of the intelligent system by determining the percentage of overlap with empirically obtained data. Precision of automatic classification speaks of neural networks as powerful apparatus for solving classification problems, but also of justification of choice of classification parameters and their importance. The importance of selected indicators is reflected in the fact that knowledge of their value is sufficient condition for automatic classification with reliability level of 80%.
Regional differences in development of the investment funds industry in Serbia and Croatia
(Association of Serbian Banks, Belgrade, 2014) Leković, Miljan
This work, through comparative analysis, shows the differences in the degree of development of the Serbian and Croat investment funds sectors, but also points out at some of the important similarities. The comparison subjects are the types, number and structure of investments funds, and their assets value. Comparison is also made of the share of the open-end investment funds in the GDP of Serbia and Croatia respectively over the last ten years in order to provide the best illustration of the importance that this sector bears on the economies of the observed countries. The paper finds that Croatia, thanks to its earlier adoption of appropriate legal framework, better development of the capital market, voucher privatisation and privatisation investments funds, had gained advantage over Serbia when speaking of the importance and development level of the investment funds sector.
Computer modelling of maximal displacement forces in endoluminal thoracic aortic stent graft
(2014) Krsmanovic D.; Koncar, Igor; Milun Petrović D.; Milašinović, Danko; Davidovic L.; Filipovic, Nenad
The objective of this study was to determine the orientation and magnitude of maximal displacement forces (DFs) in the thoracic aortic aneurysm endograft (TAA endograft) in three-dimensional (3D) space. Theoretical computer model representing the anatomically worst-case scenario with respect to DF magnitude was used to calculate the magnitude and orientation of maximal DF. A patient-specific anatomical computer model of typically seen, average size anatomy was used to analyse the progression of DF throughout the cardiac cycle. Maximal DFs were 35.01 and 37.32 N in standing and supine position, respectively, in 46-mm diameter TAA graft with 90° bend. A patient-specific model shows that a maximal DF magnitude is achieved at the peak systolic flow. In both models, the orientation of the DF vector was perpendicular to the greater curvature of the aorta, with upward (cranial) and sideways components. The effect of shearing force on the total DF that acts on the TAA endograft was found negligible due to the several orders of magnitude stronger contribution of pressure forces to the total DF relative to the wall shear stress contribution, resulting in aortic diameters and angulation being the main drivers of DF. It was discovered that the TAA endografts can be subjected to much stronger DF than previously suspected. The magnitude of maximal DF in thoracic aorta in the worst-case scenario could be as high as 35.01 N (standing) and 37.32 N (supine). This new information should be used in the process of designing new generations of TAA endografts with better migration resistance properties. © 2012 Taylor & Francis.
Role of computer analysis in prediction of surgical outcome after Billroth II gastric resection
(2015) Cvetkovic, Aleksandar; Milašinović, Danko; Filipovic, Nenad; Canovic D.
© 2015 IEEE. This paper presents computer analysis of how geometry of reconstructed gastrointestinal tract can influence outcome of Billroth II gastric resection. We performed three-dimensional computer simulation in order to predict duodenal stump blowout. For creation of initial three dimensional FE models of preoperative gastroduodenal region we used data from Multi Slice Computer Tomography (MSCT). Using the initial model we performed virtual gastric surgery. All post operational models were examined separately in order to find correlation between post operational geometry and pressure in duodenal stump. Data acquired by methodology presented in this study can be valuable to surgeons for prediction of suture dehiscence after gastric surgery.
Upravljanje investicionim rizikom primenom savremene portfolio teorije
(2015) Jakšić, Milena M.; Leković, Miljan
Investment risk is the principal threat to the assets side of the balance sheets of financial institutions. It is evident that investors who concentrate their wealth on one type of securities can rarely be found. Instead, they tend to invest diversified portfolio of securities. This reduces the degree of risk of the expected return, which depends both on the absolute risk of each investment in the portfolio, and the relationship that exists between individual investments within the portfolio. The paper analyzes the investment risk management by using modern portfolio theory in both national and global financial f lows. At the same time, the paper considers the risk management models that ensures efficient portfolio diversification, aiming at investment risk reduction. It is pointed out that the investment risk management in modern financial f lows is a complex process, and that the development of financial theory goes towards improving, soft risk management method.
Clustering wellness tourists in spa environment
(2015) Dimitrovski, Darko; Todorovic A.
© 2015 Elsevier Ltd. Spas meet the requirements of both medical and wellness tourists. The former are requiring treatments for specific medical reasons while the latter seek to preserve health. The differences between the two groups are therefore primarily one of the motives even while both may use a number of common resources. This study reports findings from a sample of 165 wellness tourists using the services at Vrnjacka Banja Spa, Serbia. Their motives are classified as 'rejuvenation', 'socialization', 'hedonism', 'obsession with health and beauty', 'relaxation' and 'escape from routine'. The study also examines the role of socio-demographic variables as determinants of being a 'wellness tourist'.

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